Metal and electronics industry is the largest brand of industry in Finland. More than a half of its labour force is engaged in metal processing tasks in factories, machine shops, work shops and shipyards. About 20,000 of these workers use metalworking fluids in fabrication of metal objects by various machining techniques. Since the mid-1900s, numerous investigations have addresser the adverse skin and respiratory effects of metalworking fluids. Despite the general improvements in occupational hygiene over the last couple of decades, the health effects seem not to have dessappeared. Worldwide, the exposed workers still suffer from contact dermatoses and respiratory symptoms. Thus far, thorough investigation on these health effects has not been conducted in Finland, and all in all, less is known about respiratory exposure to the specific components of metalworking fluids. This book reviews studies carried out in Finland during 2002-2005, in which these aspects were examined.